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SUMMARY AND BACKGROUND
The Forum at Harvard School of Public Health is pleased to announce that Helen Clark, Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), spoke on January 31 in a one-on-one conversation about global health and how universal health coverage and addressing social determinants of health can promote sustainable development. She also discussed what lessons we can take from the successes or shortfalls of eight international development targets called the Millennium Development Goals, set to expire in 2015. Administrator Clark is the first woman to lead UNDP and also is the chair of the United Nations Development Group, a committee consisting of the heads of all UN funds, programs and departments working on development issues. In addition, she is the former Prime Minister of New Zealand.
Background
- About the United Nations Development Programme
- UNDP
- Millennium Development Goals
- United Nations
Photo © Courtesy of UNDP
Thank you for the post, interesting and enjoyable.
I would like to understand some comments better, please elaborate on the following:
1. MDG goals and alignments to development and sustainability was mentioned as essential to achieving success: comments were made about providing villages in Burkina Faso with an engine/machine of sorts, please clarify, is it a combustion engine? My thoughts go to sustainable options; considering the lack of infrastructure - roads, spare parts, repair technicians, fuel requirements etc, is this the best option? Or is the engine self sustaining? And if it is indeed a combustion engine, what message is that sending to the world?
2.. At 17,50 minute mark a gent posed a question and perhaps he was not direct enough; it was about inequality and social stratification, my thoughts went J Stiglitz and his book 'The Price of Inequality', the issues raised by him and many others are concerned with current economic models and how they create inequality and resulting degradation etc, all linked to the MDG's. Could Helen please answer in this context.
Question for Helen Clark, Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
If UNDP is a solution-oriented, knowledge-based development organization, supporting countries to reach their own development objectives and internationally agreed goals, how far has it been successful in its aims.
Pakistan’s proportion of the poor in 1990-91 was 26.1 percent and MDG target of halving the proportion means a target of 13 percent for 2015.
However, poverty had risen to 34.4 percent in 2000-01 but has since declined to 23.7 percent due to high growth especially in the agriculture sector during 2004-05. The poverty reduction target of MTDF is 21 percent by 2010.
What measure do you propose for eradication of poverty in the future.
Question for Helen Clark, Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
If UNDP is a solution-oriented, knowledge-based development organization, supporting countries to reach their own development objectives and internationally agreed goals, how far has it been successful in its aims.
Pakistan’s proportion of the poor in 1990-91 was 26.1 percent and MDG target of halving the proportion means a target of 13 percent for 2015.
However, poverty had risen to 34.4 percent in 2000-01 but has since declined to 23.7 percent due to high growth especially in the agriculture sector during 2004-05. The poverty reduction target of MTDF is 21 percent by 2010.
What measure do you propose for eradication of poverty in the future.
I have evaluated a few Global Fund (GFATM) grants wherein UNDP has been the principal recipient of the grants for HIV and TB, specifically South Sudan and Haiti. I have seen excellent systems put in place by UNDP to improve TB and HIV health services in these countries. My question is whether UNDP has any plans to support such severely resource constrained countries on health sector reforms and health systems strengthening at a broader level (beyond specific disease areas)? I believe that given the systems in place at UNDP and the knowledge it has accumulated in systems strengthening over the years, UNDP is ideally placed to undertake this role, if not planned already.
What can we do in our own communities to help decrease the effects of poverty on health - with large populations of immigrants, and diffenent cultural beliefs, how best do we break through potential barriers?
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What is the scope of health economics? kindly ask Helen Clark.
Sick people take more days of work , this reduces productivity and efficiency. ultimately leading to loss in growth at the macro level. In addition to this health related issues take up a substantial portion of a poor households income thus forcing the poor to stay in a vicious cycle of poverty. while other times it pushes lower income families below the poverty line. Health related products specially generic medicines can be produced at cheaper rates in developing countries like Pakistan and India, thereby increasing their exports and adding to foreign exchange earnings
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How do nations balance the budget but still allow access to life saving medicine?
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It is great to learn that your organisation, a forerunner of human development, is engaged in the issue of universal health coverage. Evidence shows that universal health coverage, if planned and implemented with strong focus on equity, rights, and pro-poor approach, can generate enormous positive impacts on poverty reduction and human development as demonstrated by such countries as Thailand. The fact that the first UN resolution on universal health coverage was adopted last month indicates its increasing significance as the world now discusses the post-MDG period in the face of growing inequities.
(1) How has UNDP been engaged or how does UNDP plan to address and support universal health coverage as part of sustainable and inclusive development effort? (I did not find information on UNDP's engagement on universal health coverage in your website).
(2) While many UN agencies, particularly WHO and ILO, are supporting efforts towards universal health coverage, what are UNDP's unique contributions to these UN-wide efforts?
(3) As the chair of the UN Development Group, how would you like to see universal health coverage reflected in the post-MDG development agenda and UN-wide support?
Since 2003, UNDP has builded stongh partnership around the Global Fund to fight AIDS tuberculosis and malaria. UNDP is implementation the Global Fund, and contributes to the strengthening of the national leadership for better coordination of the HIV and Health response.
This partnership focuses on three interrelated objectives:
(i) Supporting implementation of MDG 6 related programming when UNDP serves as interim Principal Recipient (PR) of Global Fund grants in countries facing exceptional development challenges and/or complex emergencies.
(ii) Developing the capacity of national entities to take over the management of Global Fund programmes as soon as circumstances permit, or to improve their performance when they are already serving as Principal Recipients; and
(iii) Strengthening policy and programme quality of Global Fund-related work, both at country and global levels, in line with UNDP’s role as a cosponsor of UNAIDS and UNDP’s core mandates in governance and capacity development
UNDP serves as interim Principal Recipient (PR) in 29 countries/territories facing special circumstances, including serious capacity constraints, post-crisis situations, political upheaval, or donor sanctions, managing a total of 64 active grants with a value of US$1.4 billion (2-5 year periods). UNDP therefore currently manages approximately 12% of Global Fund grant volume for all active signed grants.
UNDP’s well-established legal and administrative agreements with host Governments,
UNDP is able to harness the technical expertise and resources of other specialized UN agencies : https://undp.unteamworks.org/node/231221
My question is how can we take stock from this important partnership to the post 2015 Agenda. The GFTAM mechanism allowed achieving significant MDGs . But, challenges related to the effective implementation of the GFTAM remains on the field: adaptation of the GFTAM mechanisms to each country context especially the post conflict countries, flexibility in the disbursement articulated to the lack of capacity, capacity building and the use of national system ( finance procurement, monitoring evaluation) and capacity building of civil society and community organization.
How the lesson learned from the experience of UNDP in the implementation of the Global Fund could be considered in the Post MDG Agenda?
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Ecological health is one that is not allocated as much as attention as clinical and public health yet all three are interconnected and integral to one another. Do you feel that ecological and environmental factors should be incorporated more into clinical and public health practices and if so, how?
Melissa J. French
Master Trainer, CPT
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How can we promote healthcare until women have a more equal place in the world? In our USA, it is still a common thing for women to be the healthcare managers of the household. Men don't go to the doctor very often without the urging of the women in their life. In other countries, women don't have this kind of influence.
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Positivity and Optimism have been shown to have tremendous benefits--not only to better physical and mental health--also to cognitive ability, relationships, decreased crime, alcohol & drug abuse and even teen pregnancy not to mention the world wide depression problem.
How is this information being incorporated? Are programs to increase positivity and optimism included in the plans to improve global health and well-being?